Air and Water

➢ Air pollution : pollution is the prensence of harmful substances. Air pollution is a mixture of solid particles and gases in the air. Such as ,Carbon monoxide , oxides of nitrogen ,sulfur dioxides and lead compounds .

➢ Carbon monoxide: Carbon monoxide (CO) is an odorless, colorless gas formed When people are exposed to CO gas,it reacts with haemoglobin of the red blood cells, preventing it from carrying oxygen the CO molecules will displace the oxygen in their bodies and lead to poisoning and kill living organisms . its formed because theincomplete combustion of carbon containing substance

➢ Complete combustion: CH4 +2O2 =CO2 + 2H2O

➢ Incomplete combustion : 2CH4 + 3O2 = 2CO + 4H2O

▪ It can be treated by installing catalytic converters in chimneys of factories .

▪ Sulfur dioxide:

➢ SO2 + CACO3 = CASO3 + CO2

Sulfur dioxide (SO2) they figured its air pollutant contributes to acidic rain forms when sulfur-containing air mixed with water vapour produce sulfuric acid ,it causes death of water of water creatures , acidify soil causing deforestation and reacting with limestone of buildings and sculptures corroding it and it may also cause lung cancer , fuel such as coal, oil ,extraction of metals causing sulfide ores. a major part of fine particle pollution in the eastern U.S. it can be treated by reacting with limestone in filters of chimneys, process called desulfurization.

Oxides of nitrogen: It contributes to acidic rain , like so2 as it mixes with rain water forming nitric acid . made up of highly acidic water droplets due to air emissions.it also can causes respiratory problems of humans and animals and may cause photochemical smog. it is formed in engines due to reaction of nitrogen and oxygen at very high temperature . It can be treated by fitting a device called catalytic convert which eliminates nitrogen oxides.

➢ Nitrogen monoxide: N2 + O2 = 2NO

➢ Nitrogen dioxide: 2NO + O2 = 2NO2